1.As noted on the first page of chapter 5, humans vary considerably in height
a. State a hypothesis about whether this reflects genetic variation, environmenttal variation ,or genotype by envirronment interaction
b. What kinds of evidence might settle the question?
c. Are there experiments that, at least in principle
d. Would it be easier to do them with or why not
2. many proteIns are expressed in reaction to what goes on in the environment
a. what are reaction norms, and why do they matter?
b. draw your own reaction norm for mood as a function of the temperature outside
c. what kind of variation allows reaction norms to evolve?
**3.consider the process of gene duplication
a. diagram two processes through which genes can be duplicated
b. how can you tell whether a duplicate copy of a genne arose by unequal crossing over or retroposition?
4. consider the nucleotide sequence TGACTAACGGCT
a. transcribe this sequence into mRNA
b.use the genetic code to translate it into a string of amino acids
c. using the information generated in (a) and(b) give an example of
I . a point mutation
Ii .an ínsertion
iii. a deletion
iv aframeshift mutation
d.Which of your examples seem likely to dramatically influence protein function?
e. which seem likely to have little effect? Explaint your answers
5.)consider a population of 10 individuals containing the following genotypes Aa, Aa ,AA,aA,aa,Aa,aa,Aa,aa,Aa
a. what is the frequency of genotype aa
b . what is the frequency of allale A?
C .what is the frequency of allale a?
d.can you tell which genotype is most advantageous? Why or why not
e.Can you tell whether Aa resembles AA or aa? Why not?
6. Diagram the sequence of events that leads to the formation of second genertion polyploid individuals in plants that can self fertilize 7. discuss factors that might in populations and among species
8. compare and contrast the evolutionnary roles of
a.point mutations
b. chromosome inversions
c. gen duplications
d polyploidization