21. Cholesterol is needed for the synthesis of

vitamin A.
vitamin D.
vitamin E.
vitamin K.
22. Which of the following is a precursor to vitamin D?

Choline
Lecithin
Cholesterol
Chylomicrons
23. Phospholipids are an important structural component of

the brain.
the liver.
muscles.
bones.
24. Consumption of trans fats can increase which of the following?

LDL
DHA
CLA
MCT
25. Which best illustrates the chronological order of the digestion of fat?

Pancreatic lipase, emulsification, micelles, blood, lymph
Pancreatic lipase, lymph, micelles, emulsification, blood
Lingual lipase, emulsification, micelles, lymph, blood
Lingual lipase, micelles, emulsification, lymph, blood
26. What vitamin is neither fat nor water-soluble?

Choline
Cobalamin
Folic acid
Pantothenic acid
27. The absorption of vitamin D can be improved when it is packaged in a formulation that is

water based.
oil based.
fiber based.
protein based.
28. A deficiency in what type of vitamin presents itself through symptoms of night blindness?

Cobalamin
Pyridoxine
Beta-carotene
Alpha-tocopherol
29. Which of the following foods is a dietary source of vitamin B12?

Eggs
Beans
Spinach
Rice
30. Which of the following is a dietary source of vitamin C?

Organ meats
Collard greens
Wheat germ
Dairy products
31. Within a cell membrane, which of the following attaches directly to the lipid bilayer?

Glycolipids
Glycoproteins
Phospholipids
Carbohydrate chain
32. A bundle of 70-100, mostly undifferentiated human cells is a

axon.
neuron.
blastocyst.
chondrocyte.
33. The process of replacing epithelial cells to maintain a protective barrier, is known as

sluffing.
shedding.
epidermization.
epithelialization.
34. Which type of muscle is responsible for involuntary muscle contraction in the organ systems?

Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Striated muscle
35. Which organ system protects the body and is composed of skin, hair, and nails?

Nervous system
Endocrine system
Lymphatic system
Integumentary system
36. The energy released as the bonds that hold chemicals together are broken, is known as

caloric energy.
thermal energy.
chemical energy.
exothermic energy.
37. The energy expenditure associated with food digestion and absorption is the

basal metabolic rate (BMR).
thermic effect of food (TEF).
resting metabolic rate (RMR).
respiratory exchange ratio (RER).
38. Which of the following is an enzyme required by the process of rephosphorylation, to make ATP?

ADPase
ATPase
Polymerase
ATP Synthase
39. What three-carbon structure is formed by splitting a glucose molecule?

Pyruvate
Lactic acid
Creatine kinase
Phosphocreatine
40. How many ATP molecules are produced from the breakdown of fatty acids?

22
30 - 32
44
106