have nownCre to worship and snow Ich fand to you. The
excommunication was revered in 1213.
Article 1 (Excerpt):
(1) FIRST, THAT WE HAVE GRANTED TO GOD, and by this present charter [Magna Carta] have confirmed
for us and our heirs [children] in perpetuity [forever], that the English Church shall be free, and shall have its
rights undiminished, and its liberties unimpaired... [B]efore the outbreak [beginning] of the present dispute
[argument/fight] between us and our barons [lords], we granted [gave] and confirmed by charter the freedom of
the Church's elections [voting] - a right reckoned [assumed] to be of the greatest necessity [need] and
importance to it - and caused this to be confirmed by Pope Innocent III. This freedom we shall observe
ourselves, and desire to be observed in good faith by our heirs in perpetuity [forever].
• Undiminished - not made smaller, weaker, less than it was
• Unimpaired- not weakened or damaged
1) What is the Subject of Article 1? Highlight keywords that tell us what the subject is.
2) Who do you think wrote Article 1?_
3) What is the Purpose of Article 1?
4) Why is it important for the Catholic Church to be able to control its own elections of Archbishops?
Why shouldn't the King control both the Crown (Political) and the church (Religious)?