The nurse is discussing signs and symptoms of both upper and lower urinary tract infections with a client who has a history of both. Which of the following statements by the client reflects the best understanding of the differing symptomatology?
1. Upper urinary tract infections usually cause pain and burning during urination.
2. Lower urinary tract infections are more likely to cause fever and flank pain.
3. I may experience urgency and frequency with both upper and lower urinary tract infections.
4. Upper urinary tract infections are more likely to cause cloudy, foul-smelling urine.