Brian, age 48 years, was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus 3 years ago. A nursing student is educating Brian on the importance of glycemic control in order to decrease his risk of atherosclerosis. What is the proper sequence of events for atherosclerosis development due to hyperglycemia that should be explained to Brian?
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Advanced glycation end products
c. Endothelial injury and inflammation
d. Atherosclerotic plaque formation