What evidence was gathered by Darwin from the Galápagos Islands that illustrate natural selection and adaptive radiation?
a) Darwin observed that finches on different islands had unique beak shapes and sizes adapted to different diets, suggesting that natural selection favored traits suited to specific environments.
b) Darwin discovered fossils of extinct marine reptiles in the rock layers of the Galápagos Islands, providing evidence of past environmental changes and species turnover.
c) Darwin documented the presence of endemic plant species found only on specific islands, indicating adaptive radiation and speciation in isolated environments.
d) Darwin observed that tortoises on different islands had variations in shell shape and size corresponding to the availability of vegetation, illustrating adaptation to diverse ecological niches.