Why might a salesperson be unmotivated in this situation based on the instrumentality perception of expectancy theory?
1) The salesperson is sure he can perform at a level that merits the prize.
2) The salesperson has never been a top salesperson and believes that the goal is unobtainable.
3) The salesperson dislikes competing with coworkers and is unmotivated to be the top salesperson.
4) The salesperson has won similar competitions in the past, but his company retracted the rewards that were offered.