What are the causes of type I-IV pulmonary HTN? tx for each?
a) Type I pulmonary hypertension: idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension, drugs/toxins (e.g., cocaine), connective tissue diseases (e.g., scleroderma), HIV infection, portal hypertension, congenital heart disease;
b) Type II pulmonary hypertension: left heart disease (e.g., left ventricular failure, mitral valve disease), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (e.g., idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis);
c) Type III pulmonary hypertension: chronic hypoxia (e.g., COPD, interstitial lung disease, sleep-disordered breathing), lung vascular damage (e.g., chronic thromboembolic disease, sarcoidosis);
d) Type IV pulmonary hypertension: chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), other pulmonary artery obstructions (e.g., tumor emboli, fibrosing mediastinitis).