It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin.
—President Harry Truman, Executive Order 9981 (1948).



What was the immediate impact of this order?

The armed forces of the United States were desegregated.

Southern members of the Democratic Party left and formed a new political party.

Free education was promised to veterans who had served in World War II.

Equal opportunity in education was established to promote advances in science and mathematics.
It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin.
—President Harry Truman, Executive Order 9981 (1948).



What was the immediate impact of this order?

The armed forces of the United States were desegregated.

Southern members of the Democratic Party left and formed a new political party.

Free education was promised to veterans who had served in World War II.

Equal opportunity in education was established to promote advances in science and mathematics.