What is the directing effect of the amino group in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions and what is the observed outcome in the nitration of aniline?
a. The presence of a strong electron-donating group adjacent to the amino group may favor m-nitroaniline formation.
b. The reaction conditions and concentration of nitration reagents may favor m-nitroaniline formation.
c. Steric hindrance in the ortho and para positions may promote m-nitroaniline formation.
d. The presence of a catalyst or specific reaction pathway may lead to m-nitroaniline formation.