"Assume, O men of the German lands, that ancient spirit of yours with which you so often confounded and terrified the Romans and turn your eyes to the frontiers o Germany; collect her torn and broken territories. Let us be ashamed, ashamed I say, to have placed upon our nation the yoke of slavery.... O free and powerful people, o noble and valiant race.... To such an extent are we corrupted by Italian sensuality and by fierce cruelty in extracting filthy profit that it would have been far more holy and reverent for us to practice that rude and rustic lie of old, living within the bounds of self-control, than to have imported the paraphernalia of sensuality and greed which are never sated, and to have adopted foreign customs." -Conrad Celtis, oration delivered at the University of Ingolstadt, 1492
The passage above most clearly shows the influence of which of the following trends in fifteenth-century Europe?
a. The development of natural philosophy based on inductive and deductive reasoning
b. The revival of classical learning and the development of Northern humanism
c. The continued reliance on traditional supernatural explanations of the world
d. The development of Baroque dramatic forms to enhance the stature of elites