The event shown in the image impacted westward migration and settlement in that it ________.
1) led American settlers to invest more heavily in the ranching and cattle industries than in traditional farming enterprises.
2) opened the middle of the continent to more settlement and economic development by connecting many places from coast to coast.
3) spurred peace negotiations with Native Americans to foster safe construction and operation of the railroad across the western frontier.
4) encouraged business and industrial development at the expense of farming and ranching in the West by building railroad hubs and towns.