In which African country did France have a permanent 3,000-strong anti-insurgent operation, and why did they believe it was necessary for Canada to join them?
1) Algeria in North Africa region; historical ties with France
2) Mali in South Africa; to prevent spillover into neighboring countries
3) Mali in West Africa; potential threat of extremist militants turning into terrorists
4) South Africa in Horn of Africa; direct threat to Canadian interests
5) Rwanda in Central Africa; to counter a rising insurgency