Can you provide an example of predation that is shaping the process of succession around Mt. St. Helens?

a) Predation: The presence of coyotes preying on deer and small mammals in the early stages of succession.
b) Herbivory: Elk feeding on young vegetation and influencing plant species composition in the area.
c) Mutualism: Mycorrhizal fungi forming symbiotic relationships with plant roots, aiding in nutrient uptake and plant establishment.
d) Competition: Grasses and shrubs competing for sunlight and space in the early stages of succession.