The correct answer is D. Many activists in the 1960 felt that other ways of influencing policy were not effective enough.
After the murder of John Kennedy in 1963, young people and members and supporters of minority groups felt they were losing their hopes. That time of tranquility turned into a time of protests and violence, with demands for an end to the unfair treatment of black citizens, the war in Vietnam and woman equality, among others.
American citizens' willingness to join civic or political organizations reflected a need for political efficacy adressing these demands. And since this era was one of social revolution, new means for solving policy conflicts had to be established to give participation to broader and more diverse policy communities. Thanks to the success of these liberal organizations, interest groups have increased rapidly since 1960.
