The edge length of a cube was to double, then the scale factor would be 1:2 (1 representing the original cube, and 2 representing the doubled cube). The ratio between the volumes is the scale factor cubed. Therefore the ratio of the volumes would be 1 cubed:2 cubed which simplifies to 1:8.
Final Answer: the volume of the cube with doubled edge lengths would be 8 times as large as the volume of the original cube.