Enzymes are globular proteins made up of one or more folded polypeptide chains, creating a "hollow" where the substrate fits and the reaction takes place.
In any chemical reaction, the transformation of initial molecules called substrates (S) occurs in biochemical reactions, into final substances or products (P).
This transformation requires, in most reactions, an initial contribution of energy that increases the kinetic energy of the molecules and they react allowing a greater number of them to collide with enough force to overcome their mutual repulsion and weaken the chemical bonds they own.
In these reactions, the enzyme (E) binds to the substrate (S) to form the enzyme-substrate complex (ES). Subsequently, the transformation of the substrate (S) into product (P) takes place, releasing the product (P) and leaving the enzyme (E) free for a new union with the substrate.
Enzymes, like other catalysts, speed up the reaction without altering the equilibrium position.
Therefore, we can conclude that enzymes acting as catalysts: increase the speed of chemical reactions. The part of the enzyme that "fits" with the substrate to activate it is called the active center, and is responsible for the specificity of the enzyme.
Learn more about the effects that enzymes can have on substrates here: https://brainly.com/question/2114181
