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Read the excerpt from President Lincoln’s 1865 inaugural address, in which he speaks about the Civil War.

One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it.

Which statement best summarizes the central idea in this excerpt?

Before the Civil War, most enslaved people were living in the southern part of the Union.

The Union fought in the Civil War because they wanted to strengthen, perpetuate, and extend slavery.

The Civil War occurred because people in the South wanted to protect and spread the practice of slavery.

Before the Civil War, the government did not try to stop slavery, but only tried to keep it from growing.

ANSWER: The Civil War occurred because people in the South wanted to protect and spread the practice of slavery.

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Answer:

Option C. The statement that best summarizes the central idea of the excerpt is that The Civil War occurred because people in the South wanted to protect and spread the practice of slavery.

Explanation:

In his inaugural address in 1865, President Lincoln expresses his views on the Civil War. He states how the geographic distribution and location of colored slaves, and the interest that this group represented for some people, was the main cause of the War. The President puts the responsibility of the war on the people from the Southern States, who refused to liberate and abolish slavery, and who decided to defend their own interest to the great extent of a civil war.

The main point of this passage is that slavery served the interest of those in the South. We see it in this excerpt;

  • The Civil War occurred because people in the South wanted to protect and spread the practice of slavery.

The world was dominated by slavery and the largest concentration of slaves was to be found in the South. The southerners wanted to protect slavery by all means.

We see this from the statement; "To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would end the Union even by war."

So, we see that the Southerners were willing to go to war to protect their interest.

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