Answers:
1. Condensation; 2. substitution; 3. addition
Explanation:
Reaction 1
CH₃CO-OH + H-OCH₃ ⟶ H₂O + CH₃CO-OCH₃
This is an example of a condensation reaction — a reaction in which two molecules combine and eliminate a simple molecule (usually water or ammonia).
Here, two larger molecules (CH₃OH and acetic acid) combine by eliminating a molecule of water between them.
Reaction 2
CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-H + Cl-Cl ⟶ CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-Cl + H-Cl
This is an example of a substitution reaction — a reaction in which one atom or functional group replaces another atom or functional group in an organic compound.
Here, a Cl atom replaces an H atom in a molecule of butane.
Reaction 3
H₂C=CH₂ + Cl-Cl ⟶ Cl-CH₂-CH₂-Cl
This is an example of an addition reaction — a reaction in which two or more molecules combine to form a larger one.
Here, a chlorine molecule combines with a molecule of ethylene to form a molecule of 1,2-dichloroethane.
