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Here we have to choose the correct statement behind the polarity of the water molecule.
The polarity of the water molecules is due to the B. deflection of the hydrogen atoms by the lone pair of electrons.
The bonding of the water (H₂O) molecule is shown in the figure. There remain two lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom. The oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons among which 2 are involved to make the covalent bond with two hydrogen atom.
The lone pair if electrons exerted lone pair-bond pair repulsion and H₂O has a bent structure as shown in the figure. In this way the dipole moment generated by oxygen and hydrogen cannot be nullified and it has a permanent dipole moment which leads the molecule to be polar in nature.
The water molecule is not linear in nature it has bent structure.
There is a huge difference of electronegativity between the hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atom. The oxygen atom is highly electronegative whereas the hydrogen atom is electropositive in nature.
The hydrogen bond formation is due to the fact the molecule is polar in nature.
There are different factors that influence the polarity of a water molecule. The factor that contributes to the polarity of a water molecule is hydrogen bond formation between water molecules.
Water molecule is polar if;
- The Electrons are not distributed symmetrically in the molecule
- When hydrogen atoms are found on one side of the molecule
- When hydrogen is less electronegative than oxygen
Water (H2O) is known to be polar because of the bent shape of the molecule.
Hydrogen often affect polarity. The two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom within water molecules (H2O) created a polar covalent bonds. The bonds between molecules of water due to its polarity is called Hydrogen Bonds.
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