The people who lost the most during the War of 1812 were Native Americans. The Creek no longer had their homeland in Georgia. Chief William McIntosh, the military leader of the Lower Creek agreed to sell the rest of the tribal land in the Treaty of Indian Springs. The path for the Cherokee was different. They established a capitol at New Town in (present day Calhoun, Georgia) They had a constitution based on the U.S. Constitution which had executive, legislative and judicial branches. They also had a newspaper called the Cherokee Phoenix in 1828. The discovery of gold in Dahlonega on Cherokee land claimed by Georgia, the Cherokee were removed from their land.