The Xiongnu, Arabs, Turks, and Berbers made an impact on the world in the following ways:
1. The Xiongnu
The Xiongnu made a revolution to the nomadic way of life practiced by the people which transformed the fragmented egalitarian societies into more centralized and hierarchical political systems where power was based on a divinely sanctioned ruler. The system developed and became the model for the later Turkic and Mongol empires.
2. Turks
The Turks engaged in spreading Islam to new regions like northern India, and Anatolia. The played a significant role in the heartland of the Islamic civilization when the Seljuk Turks became the de facto power behind the Abbasid caliphate. They are known to have created the Ottoman Empire.
3. Arabs
The Arabs where the Islam religion was the most extensive and most expansive religious tradition when the third-wave period, emerged. The pastoral Arabs provided shock troops that helped during the creation of the Arab Empire.
4. Berbers
The built the Almoravid Empire in the 1000s, in Morocco and were able to conquer Spain from which they acquired a sophisticated Islamic culture.
