The hemoglobin of sickle cell anemia differs from the normal protein by one amino acid i.e., glutamic acid is replaced by valine.
What is sickle cell anemia?
- Sickle cell disease is a blood ailment that is passed down through the generations.
- It effects the hemoglobin, this is the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen to the body's tissues.
- As a result, sickle cell disease prevents oxygen from reaching the tissues.
- Normal hemoglobin-containing red blood cells are smooth, disk-shaped, and flexible, like doughnuts without holes.
How is sickle cell anemia caused?
- A mutation in the hemoglobin- gene on chromosome 11 causes sickle cell disease.
- Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
- Normal hemoglobin (hemoglobin-A) red blood cells are smooth and spherical, and they glide through blood arteries.
- It is produced by a point mutation in the B-chain of hemoglobin, where glutamic acid is replaced by valine at position 6.
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