How do you know which to pick?

Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{(C)}}[/tex]
Explanation:
The solid consists of positive and negative ions, so it is an ionic solid.
Ionic solids are brittle, usually water-soluble, and poor thermal conductors as solids. Thus, the correct answer is [tex]\boxed{\textbf{(C)}}[/tex].
(A) is wrong. It describes a covalent solid, which is soft and always a poor conductor.
(B) is wrong. It describes a covalent solid, which is also low-melting.
(D) is wrong. It describes a metal, and a metal does not contain negative ions.