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Explanation:

Chromosomes must condense at the beginning of mitosis so they can be separated, with relative ease, into equivalent halves. Chromosomes adopt a compact form to make them suitable for transport.

Condensation also organizes the DNA molecule in such a manner that the chance of the molecule being broken and/or lost is minimized. If the chromosome breaks in one way or another, mutations occur.

Chromosome condenses at the beginning of mitosis by:-

  • Several DNA binding proteins catalyze the condensation process.
  • This include cohesin and condensin.
  • Cohesin forms rings that hold the sister chromatids together, whereas condensin forms rings that coil the chromosomes into highly compact forms.
  • The mitotic spindle also begins to develop during prophase.

What is mitosis?

  • Mitosis is the process by which a cell replicates its chromosomes and then segregates them, producing two identical nuclei in preparation for cell division.
  • Mitosis is generally followed by equal division of the cell's content into two daughter cells that have identical genomes.

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