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What problem is faced by organisms that live in fresh water?

Their bodies tend to take in too much water.
They have no way of controlling their tonicity.
Only salt water poses problems for animals that live in it.
Their bodies tend to lose too much water to their environment.

Respuesta :

Answer:

A. Their bodies tend to take in too much water.

Explanation:

Osmoregulation is the maintenance of osmotic concentration inside the body cells and in the extracellular fluid by controlling the amount of water and salts.  Organisms living in water can be divided into two groups: Some are osmoconformers which change the osmolarity of body fluids with respect to the surrounding medium. Some are osmoregulators which do not allow change in internal osmolarity and try to maintain it by various means.

If as osmoregulator is placed in fresh water environment then their body is hypertonic to their environment. Osmosis will occur which is the movement of water from low solute to high solute concentration. Thus the problems faced by such organisms would be:

- Entry of excess water

- Loss of body salts to outside.

Adaptations in such organisms would be:

- Body cover such as scales or adipose covers

- They do not drink more water

- Excess water is eliminated as dilute urine

- Special cells called ionocytes or chloride cells help in active uptake of sodium ions and chloride ions.

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The problem faced by organisms living in freshwater is that their bodies tend to take in too much water.

WHAT IS FRESHWATER HABITAT?

  • A freshwater habitat is a body of water that contains little or no amount of salt in it. Examples are rivers, streams, ponds etc.

  • Living organisms like some fishes, crabs etc lives in fresh waters. However, since freshwater contains very little salt, they are said to be HYPOTONIC. Hypotonic solution means that it has a low concentration of solute.

  • According to the osmotic principle, water moves from region of low concentration of solute (hypotonic) to high concentration of solute (hypertonic). Hence, this poses a problem for freshwater organisms as they tend to take in too much water due to the low concentration of solute in the water.

Therefore, the problem faced by organisms living in freshwater is that their bodies tend to take in too much water.

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