Answer:
Bronsted Lowry Theory
[tex]CO_2[/tex] is the acid
[tex]H_2 O[/tex] is the base
[tex]H_3 O^+[/tex] is the conjugate acid and
[tex]HCO_3^-[/tex] is the conjugate base
Explanation:
Bronsted Lowry Theory:
An acid is a substance that can donate one or more protons
A base is a substance which can accept one or more protons
Hydrogen atom which is neutral (No Charge) contains 1 positive proton, 1 negative electron and 0 neutral neutron.
Thus Hydrogen atom has no Charge and it is neutral.
When an hydrogen atom loses an electron, Hydrogen ion is formed, which will contain 1 positive proton and 0 negative electron and 0 neutral neutron.
Thus Hydrogen ion has a positive charge.
Hydrogen ion is also called as a proton since it has only 1 proton in it.
Hydrogen ion in water that is,
[tex]H^++H_2O\Rightarrow H_3O^+[/tex]
[tex]H_3O^+[/tex] is called as Hydronium ion.
Acid loses H+ (proton) to form conjugate Base
Base gains H+ (proton) to form conjugate Acid
For example
Let us consider the example given in the question
[tex]CO_2+2H_2 O>H_3 O^+ +HCO_3^-[/tex] can be written as (removed 1 [tex]H_2 O[/tex] from both the sides )
[tex]CO_2+H_2 O>H^++HCO_3^-[/tex] or
[tex]CO_2+H_2 O > H_2 CO_3[/tex] reversing the equation
[tex]H_2 CO_3+H_2 O>H_3 O^+ +HCO_3^-[/tex]
[tex]H_2 CO_3[/tex] is the acid which donates [tex]H^+[/tex] to form [tex]HCO_3^-[/tex]
[tex]H_2 O[/tex] is the base which gains [tex]H^+[/tex] to form [tex]H_3 O^+[/tex]
[tex]HCO_3^-[/tex] is the conjugate base and [tex]H_3 O^+[/tex] is the conjugate acid
So
[tex]CO_2[/tex] is the acid
[tex]H_2 O[/tex] is the base
[tex]H_3 O^+[/tex] is the conjugate acid and
[tex]HCO_3^-[/tex] is the conjugate base
(Answer)
