Answer:
A. Sticky ends: Overhanging single-stranded DNA
B. Restriction endonuclease: enzyme that recognizes a specific DNA nucleotide sequence and cuts the DNA at or near this site
C. Loading dye: Mixed with DNA to make it more dense and visible located within the gel.
D. Plasmid: Small circular DNA molecule
E. Nucleic acid stain: Binds DNA and fluoresces.
F. Buffer: Maintains pH and ionic conditions, required for each restriction enzyme in order to maximize its activity
Explanation:
A. Overhanging means small sequence of nucleotides that are unpaired. They are located in the of DNA molecule after certain restriction enzyme cuts (see figure).
B. Restriction endonucleases are class of enzymes that "restricted" within their recognition sequence and they can "cleave" DNA by cutting phosphodiester bonds. Remember -ase suffix means enzyme.
C. Loading dye: Makes the DNA more dense so it can "sink" when you load it into gel, usually for electropheresis.
D. That's how it is called, simple as that.
E. Nucleic acid stain. DNA is Deoxyribonucleic acid, if you remember that it is easy.
F. Each restriction enzyme works in certain pH range, so in order to maximize its activity a buffer must be used.
