g Liquid water is fed to a boiler at 24°C and 10 bar and is converted at constant pressure to saturated steam. 1. Use the steam tables to calculate ΔH (in kJ/kg) for this process. 2. Calculate the heat input required to produce 15,000 m 3 /h of steam at the exiting conditions. Assume that the kinetic energy of the entering liquid is negligible and that the steam is discharged through a 15-cm ID pipe.

note:Through laboratory tests, thermodynamic tables were developed, these allow to know all the thermodynamic properties of a substance (entropy, enthalpy, pressure, specific volume, internal energy etc ..)

through prior knowledge of two other properties such as pressure and temperature.

h1=Enthalpy(Water;T=24C;P=1000kPa) =101.5kJ/kg

h2=Enthalpy(Water;x=1(quality);P=1000kPa)=2778kJ/kg

density2(Water;x=1(quality);P=1000kPa)=5.144Kg/m^3

3.find the difference between the two enthalpies to know ΔH (in kJ/kg)

ΔH=h2-h1=2778-101.5=2676.5kJ/KG

4. Find the mass flow by multiplying the volumetric flow in state 2 and the density in state 2

m=mass flow=(5.144kg/m^3)(15,000 m 3 /h)=77160kg/h=21.4kg/s

5.Find the flow rate by dividing the volumetric flow (15000m ^ 3 / h = 4.167m ^ 3 / s) between the cross-sectional area of the pipe

[tex]V=\frac{4.167m^3/s}{\frac{\pi }{4} (0.15)^2} =235.78m/s[/tex]

6. use the first law of thermodynamics in the boiler, it is established that the energy that enters a system is the same that must leave, take into account flow energies, kinetic energy and added heat

mh1+Q=mh2+0.5mV^2

solving for Q

Q=m(h2-h1)+0.5mV^2

Q=21.4(2778000-101500)+0.5(21.4)(235.789)^2=57871982w=57.87Mw