Germinal diploid cells suffer meiosis and produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm). Gamets merge and produce a diploid zygote, which suffers mitosis. 1st division: Meiosis / 13 chrom / 13 chrom/ 26 chrom/ 2nd division: Mitosis
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There are two principal types of cells in the organism: Somatic diploid cells (2n) that reproduce by the process of mitosis, and germ cells that are diploid reproductive cells in charge of gamete production.
Germ cells suffer both types of cell division
- mitosis to form more sexual cells
- meiosis to produce haploid gametes, called sperm and egg cells, through the gametogenesis process.
Both somatic cells and germinal cells will end their cycle becoming two daughter cells with the same genetic dotation.
Gametes' destiny is to merge during fecundation, through which a new diploid cell called zygote emerges.
The zygote is a complete cell from the structural point of view that suffer successive mitosis to form the new organism.
- Meiosis is a process by which, four daughter cells with a haploid chromosome number (n) are produced from a diploid germ cell (2n). Each daughter cell has half of the chromosomes of the original one.
- Mitosis is a process by which, from a diploid somatic cell (2n), two daughter diploid cells (2n) are produced. During mitosis, the whole-cell first duplicates and then separates.
According to this theoretical framwork,
- The type of cell division that produces eggs and sperm is MEIOSIS
- Each gamete has 13 chromosomes
- The Zygote has 26 chromosomes
- The type of cell division that suffers the zygote is MITOSIS
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