Respuesta :
Answer:
The lattice energy of magnesium sulfide is -3406 kJ/mol.
Explanation:
Sublimation of magnesium:
[tex]Mg(s) \rightarrow Mg(g) ,\Delta H_1 = 148 kJ/mol [/tex]...[1]
Ionization enthalpy:
[tex]Mg(g)\rightarrow Mg^{2+}(g) + 2e^- , \Delta H_2= 2186 kJ/mol [/tex]..[2]
Sublimation of sulfur:
[tex]S_8(s)\rightarrow 8S(g),\Delta H_3 = 2232 kJ/mol [/tex]...[3]
Electron affinity :
[tex]S(g) + 2e^- \rightarrow S^{2-}(g), \Delta H_4 = 450 kJ/mol [/tex]..[4]
Direct reaction:
[tex]8Mg(s) + S_8(s) \rightarrow 8MgS(s) ,\Delta H_5 = -2744 kJ/mol [/tex]..[5]
Lattice energy
[tex]Mg^{2+}(g) + S^{2-}(g) \rightarrow MgS(s) ,\Delta H_6= ?[/tex]...[6]
Applying Hess's law:
[6] = [5] × (1/8) - [2] - [3] × (1/8) - [4] - [1]
[tex]\Delta H_6=\Delta H_5\times \frac{1}{8}-\Delta H_2-\Delta H_3\times \frac{1}{8}-\Delta H_4-\Delta H_1[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_6=-2744 kJ/mol \times \frac{1}{8}-2186 kJ/mol-(2322 kJ/mol) \times \frac{1}{8}-450 kJ/mol-148 kJ/mol[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_6=-3406 kJ/mol[/tex]
The lattice energy of magnesium sulfide is -3406 kJ/mol.
The lattice energy of magnesium sulfide from the given data is -3406 kJ/mol.
The given data reports the :
Sublimation of magnesium: = 148 kJ/mol
Ionization enthalpy = 2186 kJ/mol
Sublimation of [tex]\rm S_8[/tex] = 2232 kJ/mol
Electron affinity = 450 kJ/mol
Direct reaction = -2744 kJ/mol
Lattice energy = ?
Applying Hess's law:
[tex]\rm \Delta E_l_a_t_t_i_c_e[/tex] = Direct reaction × (1/8) - Ionization enthalpy - Sublimation of sulfur × (1/8) - Electron affinity - Sublimation of magnesium
[tex]\rm \Delta E_l_a_t_t_i_c_e[/tex] = -2744 [tex]\times\;\frac{1}{8}[/tex] - 2186 - 2232 [tex]\times\;\frac{1}{8}[/tex] - 450 - 148 kJ/mol
[tex]\rm \Delta E_l_a_t_t_i_c_e[/tex] = -3406 kJ/mol
The lattice energy of magnesium sulfide is -3406 kJ/mol.
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