Respuesta :
1. During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane is the same, the molecules will C) continue to move across the membrane in both directions.
2. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes A) water to move into the cell.
3. A) During active transport, a material may be moved from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
Further Explanation:
1. Diffusion is the movement of solutes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached. At equilibrium, when there is no concentration gradient (i.e. the concentrations on both sides are equal), the molecules move in both directions, thereby ensuring the the concentration in both sides are maintained.
A) move across the membrane to the outside of the cell is FALSE because the concentration of molecules inside and outside the cell is the same, therefore, equilibrium will be disturbed if molecules move outward.
B) stop moving across the membrane is FALSE because equilibrium is not a static state but a dynamic state. Solutes are constantly moving in both directions to maintain the balance in concentration.
D) move across membrane to the inside of the cell is FALSE because there is no concentration gradient, therefore, movement will be on both directions to maintain equilibrium.
2. Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high water potential (high solvent concentration, low solute concentration) to an area of low water potential (low solvent concentration, high solute concentration). Since fresh water has lower solute concentration than the inside of the cell, the cell will have low water potential while outside it has high water potential.
B) water to move out of the cell is FALSE because the direction of movement of water has to be from high water potential to low water potential. High water potential is outside the cell so water moves from the outside to inside of the cell causing it to burst.
C) solutes move into the cell is FALSE because osmosis involves the movement of water not solutes.
D) solutes move out of the cell is FALSE because osmosis involves the movement of water due to a difference in water potential.
3. Active transport is the movement of solutes from an area of low concentration to high concentration. Since this is going against the concentration gradient, energy is needed to cause the movement.
Passive transport is the movement of solute across a concentration gradient. No energy is needed for this as it is a spontaneous occurrence.
B) During passive transport, energy is used to move material against a concentration gradient is FALSE because energy is not required during passive transport.
C) During active transport, water is pumped across a membrane to equalize the concentration of salts on both sides is FALSE because solutes are moved across a membrane not water during active transport. Movement of water is called osmosis.
D) During passive transport, osmosis allows salts to move from one side of the membrane to the other to equalize is FALSE. Osmosis is a specific type of passive transport of water, not of salts.
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Keywords: Osmosis, Active Transport, Diffusion
1. During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will continue to move across the membrane in both directions.
2. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes water to move into the cell.
3. The statement “During active transport, a material may be moved from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration” is true.
Further Explanation:
Diffusion is the process of movement of molecules from a high concentration to low concentration under influence of concentration gradient. The process is not energy driven as it does not directly involve the involvement of molecules such as ATP and GTP.
In biological systems the process of diffusion is a very dynamic process it happens at every instance of time. Every cell for it to function properly has to undergo diffusion that involves movement of chemical components across the cell wall. If there is a situation in which the concentration on both the side of the membrane is identical the molecules will keep on moving across the membrane without changing the concentration.
Osmosis is the process of movement of molecules across the semi-permeable membrane from area of high concentration to area of low concentration. An animal cell has high concentration of salts and other components while fresh water is free from it. When such a cell is introduced in fresh water, the water gushes into the cell. This gushing in excess results in the bursting of the cell.
A cell can undergo two types of transport one being active and other passive. Active transport is the phenomenon wherein a molecule is transported against the concentration gradient. This transport requires energy that is ATP. While on the other hand passive transport is a phenomenon which involves movement of solute with the concentration gradient thus they do not require energy molecules.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cells and osmosis
Keywords:
Diffusion, osmosis, active transport, passive transport, concentration gradient, ATP, GTP, semi-permeable membrane, high concentration, low concentration, animal cell, osmotic pressure.
