1. Body composition is defined as
A. total fat mass.
B. the weight of fat mass.
C. total muscle mass.
D. ratio of muscle to fat.
2. Slow-twitch fibers are designed for
A. power.
B. anaerobic metabolism.
C. sprinting.
D. endurance.
3. Which one of the following choices is a by-product of ATP breakdown?
A. Glycogen
B. Protein
C. Glucose
D. ADP and phosphorous
4. A tendon serves what purpose for a muscle?
A. It keeps the muscle at the correct temperature.
B. It creates the correct tension for the muscle.
C. It serves as an attachment point to bone.
D. It keeps the muscle at the correct length.
5. Most joints in the body form _______ levers.
A. second-class
B. first-class
C. fourth-class
D. third-class
6. Which one of the following statements concerning good posture is correct?
A. Good posture is crucial for proper nutrition.
B. Good posture may lead to breathing irregularity.
C. Good posture helps to improve sleeping habits.
D. Good posture may help to improve balance.
7. Which one of the following choices is considered part of the pelvic girdle?
A. Waist
B. Thighs
C. Buttocks
D. Spine
8. Fitness professionals know that good posture
A. is possible to achieve without proper balance.
B. is a habit that can be learned and maintained.
C. can be achieved with a strenuous exercise regimen.
D. is almost impossible to correct once it's learned.
9. One of the positive health-related benefits of muscular fitness is
A. greater mental concentration.
B. decreased chance of getting colds or flu.
C. better fitting clothes.
D. increased endurance during exercise.
10. The sagittal plane divides the body
A. between the upper and lower areas.
B. from the neck down.
C. from front to back.
D. into left and right halves.
11. How does a normal spine appear on an x-ray?
A. With a sharp curve in the middle of the back
B. With natural curves in the neck and lower back
C. Perfectly straight
D. With a natural curve that leans to the right
12. Based on the factors of stability, which of the following choices would be the most unstable lift?
A. Leg curl
B. Machine chest press
C. Standing one-arm overhead press
D. Body squat
13. When you flex your arm, you're performing a/an _______ contraction.
A. eccentric
B. isokinetic
C. concentric
D. isometric
14. Which three body systems benefit from good posture?
A. Urinary, respiratory, and endocrine
B. Digestive, circulatory, and respiratory
C. Endocrine, digestive, and circulatory
D. Respiratory, digestive, and urinary
15. Which one of the following minerals is essential for both bone health and muscle contractions?
A. Copper
B. Selenium
C. Iron
D. Calcium
16. Which one of the following types of tissue covers and separates skeletal muscles, providing shape and
aiding in function?
A. Tendons
B. Fascia
C. Periosteum
D. Ligaments
17. The most common debilitating disorder among Americans under age 45 is
A. joint pain.
B. lower-back pain.
C. tension headaches.
D. neck and shoulder strain.
18. Tension headaches usually begin in the
A. temples.
B. ears.
C. sinuses.
D. neck.
19. When you sit with good posture, your spine should be
A. very relaxed.
B. stiffly erect.
C. leaning backward.
D. softly erect.
20. A/an _______ spine is one that allows for natural curves and arches.
A. extended
End of exam
B. balanced
C. neutral
D. flexed
21. Posture and muscular balance can usually be improved by
A. exercising and stretching.
B. getting an adequate amount of sleep each night.
C. reducing physical stress.
D. following a healthy diet.
22. Which one of the following types of joints is a freely movable joint?
A. Fibrous
B. Cartilaginous
C. Stable
D. Synovial
23. Postural muscles tend to _______ if they aren't regularly stimulated to produce adequate force.
A. tear
B. grow
C. weaken
D. lengthen
24. Aerobic production of ATP comes from _______ during high-intensity training.
A. protein
B. fat
C. cholesterol
D. carbohydrates
25. Standing on your toes is an example of which type of lever?
A. First class
B. Third class
C. Fourth class
D. Second class