Answer:
D) CH₃CH₂CH₃ < CH₃OCH₃ < CH₃CH₂OH
Explanation:
When comparing compounds to predict their boling points what we are looking for is differences in van der waals forces,molecular weight, polarity, and presence of hydrogen bonds. The weakest interaction are van der waals and the highest the possibility of hydrogen bonding.
All three compounds have similar molecular weight.
CH₃CH₂CH₃ is nonpolar linear molecule with van der waals interactions, CH₃OCH₃ is slightly polar because of the oxygen atom and the methanol is also polar but also has hydrogen bonding between the oxygen atom of one molecule and the hydrogen of the O-H bond of another.
Therefore, the trend is CH₃CH₂CH₃ < CH₃OCH₃ < CH₃CH₂OH
The correct ranking of the substances in order of lowest vapor pressure to highest vapor pressure based only in intermolecular forces is; CH₃CH₂OH < CH₃OCH₃ < CH₃CH₂CH₃.
Vapor pressure refers to the tendency of a substance to escape into the gas phase. Substances that have high vapor pressure easily escape into the vapor phase.
Vapor pressure depends on the magnitude of intermolecular interaction between substances. The stronger the magnitude of intermolecular interaction in a substance, the lower the vapor pressure.
The magnitude of intermolecular interaction between the substances decrease in the order; CH₃CH₂OH > CH₃OCH₃ > CH₃CH₂CH₃. The magnitude of vapor pressure thus increases in the order CH₃CH₂OH < CH₃OCH₃ < CH₃CH₂CH₃.
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