Darwin’s theory of natural selection is often referred to as survival of the fittest. Which statement most accurately reflects "fitness" according to Darwin’s natural selection? Explain how you got your answer.

a. Fitness is the measure of an individual organism's adaptability to various habitats in an environment.

b. Fitness reflects the ability of an organism to run faster and hide better or to hunt and kill more efficiently.

c. Fitness refers to the relative health of each individual in the population so they could survive diseases.

d. Fitness is an individual organism’s reproductive success in surviving and producing viable offspring.

Mutations accumulate in a population over time, altering the frequency of alleles or different forms of a gene. Natural selection can lead to a loss of variation in a population- referred to as genetic drift; the allelic frequency of one trait increases while others become less common. These variations typically occur due to mutation and recombination events. The Darwinian theory of natural selection focuses moreso on an individual's fitness to reproduce and pass on genes- i.e. reproductive success.

Further Explanation:

During DNA replication and reproduction other events, such as crossing over during mitosis and meiosis, mutations lead to increases in genetic variation. This variation refers to the genetic characteristics present within a species. Mutations may be either beneficial or deleterious; they are maintained within cells, as they form new traits called alleles. Beneficial mutations may confer traits that increase the fitness of a species, along with ensuring survival by conferring a protective advantage- these phenotypic differences between organisms are called adaptations.

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adeoladokun31 adeoladokun31 · Answer 2 · 2022-02-03T13:32:37+01:00

Fitness is an individual organism’s reproductive success in surviving and producing viable offspring best explain theory of natural selection.

What is Theory of natural selection?

The theory of natural selection was formulated by A scientist who was a naturalist called Charles Darwin in the 19th century.

Charles Darwin's theory of evolution is a differetial reproductive and survival mechanism that evolution occur by natural selection. Individuals in a species posses different physical features which make them to survive in their environment.

Therefore, Fitness is an individual organism’s reproductive success in surviving and producing viable offspring because individual tend to develop physical features through mutation of their DNA, and these phenotypic features help them to adapt , reproduce and survive in their environment and also passing on these features to their offsprings which is transfer from one generation to another , helping them to be fit and live successfully in their environment.

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