Respuesta :
Answer: The molecular formulas are written below.
Explanation:
Saturated hydrocarbons are defined as the hydrocarbons in which a single bond is present between carbon and carbon atoms. The general formula for these hydrocarbons is [tex]C_nH_{2n+2}[/tex]
These hydrocarbons have the name ending with the suffix '-ane'
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are defined as the hydrocarbons which have double or triple covalent C-C bonds. They are known as alkenes and alkynes respectively. The general formula for these hydrocarbons is [tex]C_nH_{2n}[/tex] and [tex]C_nH_{2n-2}[/tex]
The hydrocarbons having double and triple bonds have the name ending with the suffix '-ene' and '-yne' respectively.
For the given options:
Option a: Hexane
'Hex' prefix is added for the chain having 6-Carbon atoms. So, the formula for this saturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_6H_{(2\times 6)+2}=C_6H_{14}[/tex]
Option b: Methane
'Meth' prefix is added for the chain having 1-Carbon atom. So, the formula for this saturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_1H_{(2\times 1)+2}=CH_{4}[/tex]
Option c: Propyne
'Prop' prefix is added for the chain having 3-Carbon atoms. So, the formula for this unsaturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_3H_{(2\times 3)-2}=C_3H_4[/tex]
Option d: 1-pentene
'Pent' prefix is added for the chain having 5-Carbon atoms. So, the formula for this unsaturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_5H_{(2\times 5)}=C_5H_{10}[/tex]. The double bond is present between C-1 and C-2 atoms
Option e: Octyne
'Oct' prefix is added for the chain having 8-Carbon atoms. So, the formula for this unsaturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_8H_{(2\times 8)-2}=C_8H_{14}[/tex]
Option f: Decane
'Dec' prefix is added for the chain having 10-Carbon atoms. So, the formula for this saturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_{10}H_{(2\times 10)+2}=C_{10}H_{22}[/tex]
Option g: Heptane
'Hept' prefix is added for the chain having 7-Carbon atoms. So, the formula for this saturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_7H_{(2\times 7)+2}=C_7H_{16}[/tex]
Option h: 4-nonene
'Nona' prefix is added for the chain having 9-Carbon atoms. So, the formula for this unsaturated hydrocarbon is [tex]C_9H_{(2\times 9)}=C_9H_{18}[/tex]. The double bond is present between C-4 and C-5 atoms
