Since the outer plumage of the penguin can resist the flow of heat in the cold antarctic air they might gain a little of this heat to keep them warm by thermal convection.
Explanation:
- Convection is the circular movement that happens when hot air/liquid moves with molecules that were fast, making it less dense rises while the cold air/liquid drops down.
- Also, they follow the technique of standing together always in a group which further helps them to decrease the loss of heat between them.
- The plumage of penguin provides 80 percent of total insulation and is highly resistant to wind penetration.
