Compact (cortical) bone is the hard outer layer of bone. problems with the Compact/cortical bone will lead to the greatest loss of strength.
What is the role of bones?
- Bones serve a variety of purposes. They provide structural support, protect essential organs, and allow us to move.
- They also provide an environment for bone marrow, which produces blood cells.
- Collagen, a protein that forms a soft structure, makes up the majority of bones.
- The mineral calcium phosphate hardens and strengthens this structure. Our bones and teeth store more than 99 percent of the calcium in our bodies.
Structure of Bone
Bones are made up of two different types of tissue:
1. Compact (cortical) bone: A compact, robust, and long-lasting outer layer. It accounts for about 80% of adult bone mass.
2. Cancellous (trabecular or spongy) bone: A network of trabeculae or rod-like structures makes up this type of bone. Compact bone is less dense, lighter, and more flexible.
3. The bone-forming cells osteoblasts and osteocytes
4. Bone resorbing cells, or osteoclasts
5. Collagen and other proteins combine to form osteoid.
6.blood vessels and nerves
7. bone marrow
8. cartilage and membranes
How does cortical bone contribute to the majority of strength of the bone?
- Compact (cortical) bone is the long-lasting outer layer. It accounts for about 80% of adult bone mass.
- The amount of matrix and mineral bone present is referred to as bone mass.
- Bone mass is a fundamental driver of bone strength and is a function of bone size and bone mineral density (BMD).
hence problems with the cortical bone will reduce the overall bone strength and lead to bone related diseases like osteoporosis.
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