Answer: Option (C) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Chemical formula of a secondary amide is R'-CONH-R, where R and R' can be same of different alkyl or aryl groups. Here, the hydrogen atom of amide is attached to more electronegative oxygen atom of the C=O group.
Therefore, the hydrogen atom will be more strongly held by the electronegative oxygen atom. As a result, there will be strongly hydrogen bonded in the liquid phase of secondary amide.
Whereas chemical formula of nitriles is RCN, ester is RCOOR' and acid chlorides are RCOCl. As no hydrogen bonding occurs in any of these compounds because hydrogen atom is not being attached to an electronegative atom.
Thus, we can conclude that secondary amides are strongly hydrogen bonded in the liquid phase.
The chemical compound that are strongly hydrogen bonded in the liquid phase are: C) secondary amides.
Hydrogen bond can be defined as a weak chemical bond existing between a partially-positively charged hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.
In Science, hydrogen bond is an essential intermolecular force of attraction that is required for the formation of the secondary structures of proteins such as secondary amides.
The chemical formula for secondary amides is given as follows:
[tex]RC(=O)NR'R"[/tex]
Where:
The various "R" can be hydrogen atoms or organic groups.
Note: nitrites, esters and acid chlorides do not contain hydrogen atoms or any hydrogen bond.
In conclusion, secondary amides are strongly hydrogen bonded in the liquid phase because they are soluble in water.
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