Explanation:
Foucault’s pendulum is usually placed at the pinpoint North or South poles, where the relative motion of the earth on its axis is zero(0). This becomes a fixed position on which the pendulum does not relatively move with the earth’s rotation. This way, when the pendulum is made to swing in one plane, it does so without this plane being changed by the Coriolis effect of the earth (Coriolis effect at the absolute poles is zero).
The pendulum, even though it is swinging back and forth in one plane, it seems to be rotating 360 degrees (relative to a point of observation) because the earth is rotating 360 degrees on its axis.
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