Work is done when a force is in the same direction as the object moves.
Explanation:
The work done by a force in moving an object is given by the equation
[tex]W=Fd cos \theta[/tex]
where
F is the magnitude of the force
d is the displacement of the object
[tex]\theta[/tex] is the angle between the directions of F and d
From the equation, we notice the following:
- Work is done by a force when the force is in the same direction as the object moves. In fact, in this case, [tex]\theta=0^{\circ}[/tex], and so [tex]cos \theta = 1[/tex], which means that the work done simply becomes [tex]W=Fd[/tex]
- When the force is perpendicular to the motion of the object, [tex]\theta=90^{\circ}[/tex] and [tex]cos \theta = 0[/tex], which means that no work done
- Technically, work is also done when the force is not parallel to the motion of the object: in this case, the factor [tex]cos \theta[/tex] means that only the component of the force parallel to the direction of motion contributes to do work on the object.
Therefore, the correct answer is
Work is done when a force is in the same direction as the object moves.
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