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Consider the following two substances and their vapor pressures at 298 K. Substance Vapor pressure (mmHg) A 275 B 459 Based on this information, compare the characteristics of the two substances.Drag each item to the appropriate bin.
a) is a gas at 300 mmhg.
b) has a higher boiling point.
c) has weaker inter-moelcular forces.
d) has a higher heat of vaporization.

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Answer:

a) B

b) A

c) B

d) A

Explanation:

If the strength of an inter-molecular force increases, then

vapour pressure decreases and boiling point increases

  • Hence, B is a gas at 300 mmHg due to its low boiling point
  • A has a higher boiling point because of its strong inter-molecular forces
  • B has weaker inter-molecular forces due to its higher vapour pressure
  • A has higher heat of vaporization, because it has strong inter-molecular forces

The characteristics of  the two substances will be:

Substance A:

  • has a higher boiling point.
  • has a higher heat of vaporization.

Substance B:

  • is a gas at 300 mmhg.
  • has weaker inter-moelcular forces.

It should be noted that when there is an increase in the strength of an inter-moelcular force, there'll be a reduction in the vapor pressure.

Therefore, Substance A will have a higher boiling point and a higher heat of vaporization. Substance B is a gas at 300 mmhg and has weaker inter-moelcular forces.

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