Answer:
The Calvin cycle converts ATP and NADPH to "convert CO2 to sugar".
Explanation:
When carbon dioxide reaches inside the leaf through pores called stomata in plants and spreads to the chloroplast stroma, it act as the location of Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is naturally produced.The light-independent processes are also called such reactions as they are not primarily guided by light.
The Calvin cycle processes can be separated into three main channels: carbon fixation, reduction, and starting molecule's regeneration as explained below:
- Carbon Fixation: Six-carbon compound are generated in this step that bifurcate into two molecules (three-carbon compound) 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA), catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco or RuBP carboxylase/oxygenase.
- Reduction: In this phase of the cycle 3-PGA molecules are converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) i.e three-carbon sugar by using ATP and NADPH.
- Regeneration: Many G3P molecules are used to generate glucose, while others have to be recycled to recreate the acceptor RuBP.
