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In this lab, we do not measure the amount of chlorine in the sample, We need the amount of chlorine to determine the formula of the compound. How do we determine the amount of chlorine in the compound? The mineral bonattite is known to be a copper sulfate hydrate. 2.000 grams was heated to release the water for form the anhydrate. The sample lost 0.506 g of mass. After reacting with aluminum wire, 0.595 g of copper was recovered. How many motes of water, copper and sulfate were in the compound? What is the mole ratio of these 3 components? What is the formula of bonattite?

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Answer:

We have 0.0281 moles H2O

We have 0.00936 moles Copper

We have 0.00936 moles sulfate

The mol ratio : For 1 mol Copper we have 1 mol sulfate and 3 moles water

The molecular formula is  CuSO4*3H2O

Explanation:

Step 1: Data

After heating the sample lost 0.506 g of mass

After reacting with aluminum wire, 0.595 g of copper was recovered

Step 2: Calculate moles of water

Moles H2O = mass H2O / molar mass H2O

Moles H2O = 0.506 grams / 18.02 g/mol

Moles H2O = 0.0281 moles H2O

Step 3: Calculate moles Cu

Moles Cu = 0.595 grams / 63.55 g/mol

Moles Cu = 0.00936 moles Cu

Step 4: Calculate moles SO4^2-

For 1 mol Cu we have 1 mol SO4^2-

For 0.00936 moles Cu we have 0.00936 moles SO4^2-

We have 0.00936 moles CuSO4

Step 5: Calculate molecular formula

The molecular formula is CuSO4 *xH2O

To find x we have to divide the number of moles H2O by the number of moles CuSO4

x = (0.0281 mol H2O) / (0.00936 mol CuSO4) = 3.00

The molecular formula is  CuSO4*3H2O

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