Distinguish between active and passive transport. Make sure to provide examples of each. Why are the functions of active and passive transport instrumental to the cell?
Active transport is where a chemical reaction using ATP moves things in/out of the cell through transport proteins within the cell wall. It uses a concentration gradient to trigger the reaction (it goes against the concentration gradient in active transport)
Molecules move against a concentration gradient ( low concentration ―→ high concentration)
Cellular energy (ATP) is required
Passive transport also uses a concentration gradient by diffusion (hydrophobic or very small polar molecules) and facilitated diffusion via carrier proteins and channels
Molecules move along the concentration gradient (high concentration ―→ low concentration)
