Respuesta :
Answer:
Cl-S-Si-Na-Mg
Explanation:
The elements want to have eight electrons in their outmost shell so that they are stable. Chlorine (Cl) is the one that has greatest tendency to accept an electron since it has 7 electrons, so it only needs one more to have a full shell and be stable, Sulfur (S) has 6 electrons, so it needs 2 more to have an outmost full shell, Silicon (Si) has 4 electrons in its outmost shell, so it needs 4 more to be stable, sodium (Na) has 1 electron in its outmost shell, so it needs 7 electrons, and Mg has 2 electrons in its outmost shell.
The order of the elements from greatest to least tendency to accept an electron is Cl, S, Si, Na, Mg.
The tendency to accept an electron can be measured through the electron affinity (EA). The electron affinity is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is attached to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion.
X(g) + e⁻ → X⁻(g) + energy
Generally, nonmetals have greater EA than metals, since nonmetals tend to gain electrons to completer their octets, while metals tend to lose electrons to complete theirs. We can verify this trend by looking at the values of EA.
Cl (349 kJ/mol) > S (200 kJ/mol) > Si (134 kJ/mol) > Na (53 kJ/mol) > Mg (-40 kJ/mol)
The order of the elements from greatest to least tendency to accept an electron is Cl, S, Si, Na, Mg.
You can learn more about electron affinity here: https://brainly.com/question/17696329
