Answer:
Substance X has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.
Explanation:
The temperature of a substance is an indicator of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of the substance.
In particular, the two quantities are directly proportional to each other, as shown in the equation:
[tex]KE=\frac{3}{2}kT[/tex]
where
KE is the average kinetic energy of the molecules
k is the Boltzmann's constant
T is the temperature of the substance
In this problem, we have a figure showing the movement of particles for 2 substances.
For substance X, the particles have long movement lines behind them: this means that they move faster, so their average kinetic energy is larger, and so the temperature of substance X is higher.
For substance Y, the particles have short movement lines behind them: this means that they move slower, so their average kinetic energy is smaller, and so the temperature of substance Y is lower.
Therefore, the correct option is
Substance X has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.
