Respuesta :
Answer:
Replication: DNA into DNA, and RNA primer are required;
Transcription/RNA processing: pre mRNA and then mRNA;
Translation: tRNA, rRNA
Explanation:
1. During replication, a semi-conservative copy of a DNA molecule is made with the help of various enzymes and RNA primer.
2. Transcription/RNA processing: mRNA
During transcription, the DNA "message" ( in the form of codon) is copied into mRNA.
3. Translation: tRNA, rRNA
During translation, the information carried in the mRNA is translated into protein with the help of molecules of tRNA and rRAN to build a protein on the ribosomes.
Role of RNA
Explanation:
Replication-Transcription-Translation process:
- In case of prokaryotes a single type of RNA Polymerase synthesizes all types of RNA (mRNA, rRNA and tRNA) whereas in case of eukaryotes three different types of RNA Polymerase synthesize different types of RNA
- RNA Polymerase I transcribe all types of rRNA except 5S rRNA
- RNA Polymerase II transcribe all types of mRNA and most of snRNA and miRNA
- RNA Polymerase III transcribe all types of tRNA, 5S rRNA
- During the process of transcription ( DNA to mRNA) mRNA is synthesized which carries the genetic information from DNA
- rRNA is required for the synthesis of ribosomes, ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein complex that actively participate in protein synthesis and found in all living cells
- A functional ribosome consists of two subunits:
- Smaller subunit decode genetic information present in mRNA whereas large subunit has peptidyl transferase activity; in bacteria peptidyl transferase activity present in 23S rRNA while in eukaryotes present in 28S rRNA
- Small and large subunit of ribosomes are associated to each other during translation initiation whereas essentially dissociate during translation termination
- tRNA are small (75-95 nucleotide long) in eukaryotes transcribed by RNA Polymerase III, function of tRNA includes transfer of activated amino acid from cytoplasm to the active site of ribosomes
