Answer:
The question lacks options, the options are:
A) Centromere
B) Centrosomes
C) Centrioles
D) Chromatid
E) kinetochore
The answer is B (Centrosomes)
Explanation:
All living cells including plant and animal cells, undergo mitosis, which is a division that produces two identical daughter cells. Prior to the separation of the cell's content (CYTOKINESIS), the nuclear material also separates into opposite poles of the cell.
The spindle microtubules is responsible for the separation of each chromatid into opposite poles by binding to the kinetochore of each replicated chromosome. The microtubules of the spindle originates from the centrioles which are contained in the CENTROSOME (a cellular organnelle). Plant cells so not possess centrosomes, they instead have Microtubules Organizing Centres (MTOC) that functions the same way as centrosomes.
Note that, a centrosome consists of 2 centrioles that are perpendicular to each other. Each centriole is made up of a ring of Microtubules.
The microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in the centrosome in both plant and animal cells.
Microtubules are the largest filaments of the three elements that make up the cytoskeleton of cells.
These microtubules originate from a structure called the centrosome, a cellular organelle that has two centrioles.
The main work of the centrosome is the organization of the microtubules, carrying out these phases:
When a cell is in the process of dividing, the achromatic spindle has a centrosome with two centrioles at each end.
The centrioles, for their part, are made up of microtubules that enable the movement of cells and contribute to the organization of their cytoskeleton.
Therefore, we can conclude that the microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in the centrosome in both plant and animal cells.
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