Respuesta :
Answer:
- Find out the concentraion of the acetic acid, calculate the number of moles, which is equal to the number of moles of baking soda, and then multiply by the molar mass of baking soda to convert to mass in grams.
Explanation:
You need the concentration of the acetic acid.
With the concentration you can find the number of moles of acid in the given 100mL of acetic acid solution.
- # of moles = molar concentration × number of liters of solution
By stoichiometry of the reaction, you determine the number of moles of baking soda:
CH₃COOH(aq) + NaHCO₃(aq) → CH₃COONa(aq) + CO₂(g) + H₂O(aq)
↑ ↑ ↑
acetic acid baking soda gas
From that balanced molecular equation, you find that 1 mole of acetic acid react with 1 mole of baking soda.
Then, using the molar mass of bakind soda, you convert the number of moles into mass in grams:
- mass in grams = number of moles × molar mass.
Then, adding that mass of baking soda, may be a little excess to be sure, all the acetic acid would be consumed getting the largest amount of gas possible.
The mass of baking soda required to get the largest amount of gas possible is 147 grams.
Calculation of the mass of baking soda:
Based on the given information,
- The volume of acetic acid given is 100 ml
- The known density of acetic acid is 1.05 g/ml.
Now the mass of acetic acid can be determined as,
Mass = Volume × Density
Mass = 100 × 1.05 g
Mass = 105 grams
Now the molar mass of acetic acid is 60 g/mol.
The moles of acetic acid can be determined as,
Moles = Mass/Molar mass
[tex]Moles = \frac{105 g}{60 g/mol} \\Moles = 1.75 moles[/tex]
Now to generate maximum amount of carbon dioxide gas, 1.75 moles of acetic acid needs to completely react with baking soda (NaHCO₃)
Therefore, moles of NaHCO₃ required is 1.75 moles. The molecular mass of NaHCO3 is 84 g/mol.
Now the mass of NaHCO₃ required is,
Mass = Moles × Molar mass
Mass = 1.75 mol × 84 g/mol
Mass = 147 grams
Thus, 147 grams of baking soda is required to get the largest amount of gas.
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